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br Results and Discussion br Conclusions Understanding
2019-10-12
Results and Discussion Conclusions Understanding the connections between function and fitness is a primary goal of many biological disciplines including systems biology and molecular evolution. While sound approaches have been developed to understand the connections between function and fitnes
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More unusual modifications also regulate DUBs Recent reports
2019-10-12
More unusual modifications also regulate DUBs. Recent reports have illustrated how reactive oxygen species (ROS) can regulate DUB activity 87, 88, 89, 90. ROS can serve as potent signaling molecules by reacting with active site cysteines of tyrosine phosphatases and some cysteine peptidases to form
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Although the implication of DA and glutamate signaling
2019-10-12
Although the implication of DA and glutamate signaling crosstalk in drug-evoked neuronal adaptations is well acknowledged, targeting the cognate receptors to alleviate symptoms is associated with a loss of efficacy over time and the appearance of severe sides effects, likely due to the involvement o
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br Acknowledgments br Significance The mechanisms underlying
2019-10-11
Acknowledgments Significance The mechanisms underlying the adverse effects of Epo-stimulating agents on the reduced survival of cancer patients are not well understood. Here, we identified EphB4 as an alternative Epo receptor, which triggers Src/Stat3 signaling via EphB4. We also showed that r
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For the current studies we used
2019-10-11
For the current studies, we used the selective Epac agonist 8CPT-AM to directly activate the proteins. We chose this pharmacological approach since it allows a direct activation of Epacs rather than using receptor agonists such as PGE2 which could introduce confounding variables. One potential conce
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ApoE is secreted from astrocytes glia into the
2019-10-11
ApoE is secreted from astrocytes/glia into the interstitial fluid and is important for metabolizing Aβ because of its propensity for binding Aβ as a cholesterol and phospholipid acceptor in reverse cholesterol transport [8]. Aβ oligomers show a direct toxicity to neurons, and ApoE inhibits oligomer
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One question relates to our finding that oxysterol GPR
2019-10-11
One question relates to our finding that oxysterol-GPR183 signaling is critical for CP and ILF formation in the colon but dispensable in the small intestine. GPR183 and its ligand were expressed in both the small and large intestines. Moreover, 7α,25-OHC was required for ILC3 migration to CPs not on
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br E intracellular localization br
2019-10-11
E1 intracellular localization Regulation of E1 by other post-translational modifications Concluding remarks Acknowledgments We apologize to those whose work was not included because of space considerations or whose papers were unintentionally omitted. We thank Dr Peter Bullock (Tufts Uni
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br Synthesis and mechanism of
2019-10-11
Synthesis and mechanism of fluorescent DNA-CuNMs Application of fluorescent DNA-CuNMs Summary and conclusions In summary, we introduce recent research progress in the synthesis and various applications of DNA-CuNMs. DNA-CuNMs with novel catalytic, electrical and optical properties can be ob
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br Biological roles of DGK
2019-10-11
Biological roles of DGKϵ Summary and future perspectives The most PI-3065 and segment of DGKϵ, comprised of residues 20–42, appears to have no role in binding the lipid substrate DAG or in the acyl chain specificity of substrate phosphorylation. Nevertheless, the sequence in this segment of D
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The effect of NAT deletion on mitochondrial function in MDA
2019-10-11
The effect of NAT1 deletion on mitochondrial function in MDA-MB-231 glucagon receptor antagonist has been reported elsewhere (Carlisle et al., 2018). However, unlike the data presented here, increases in reserve capacity and glycolytic reserve were seen. The reasons for this variance between our st
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In summary our findings show that LPS can
2019-10-11
In summary, our findings show that LPS can activate CysLT2R on microglial trpv1 to induce microglial inflammation and microglia-dependent neuronal death. Furthermore, pharmacological inhibition or knocking down of CysLT2R expression protects neurons against neurotoxicity via suppression of LPS-indu
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br Materials and methods br Results br
2019-10-11
Materials and methods Results Discussion Consistent with previous reports (Barr et al., 2010, Vuong et al., 2010), the current study demonstrates that rats treated with amphetamine exhibit heightened anxiety states during withdrawal. Furthermore, icv. infusion of a CRF2 receptor antagonist
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Application of the CPH model relies on
2019-10-11
Application of the CPH model relies on the assumption that the hazard ratio of two observations is constant over time [2]. This enables us to infer the rate of risk of the treatment. For example, in the study of patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) [5], the hazard ratio of a group of
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Neuropsychological studies of adults with
2019-10-11
Neuropsychological studies of adults with problem gambling indicate impairments in many cognitive areas including inhibition, working memory, decision-making, cognitive flexibility, and executive planning (Ledgerwood et al., 2012, Goudriaan et al., 2006). Dopamine is a neurotransmitter that regulate
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